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ChemistryEdu Logo Solution | Solution of Solids in Liquid#

Solution of Solids in Liquid#

  • For non-volatile solute, partial pressure of solution is equal to partial pressure of solvent in vapour phase.

  • Thus, from Raoult's law, we can write:

\[p_s = {p^o_{solvent}\ Χ_{solvent}}\]
  • Since Χsolvent is less than 1, the vapour pressure of a solution containing a non-volatile solute is always less than the vapour pressure of pure solvent.

Factors affecting solubility of a solid solute in a liquid#

  1. Nature of solute:

    • Electrolytes are more soluble while non-electrolytes are less soluble.

  2. Nature of solvent:

    • "Like dissolves like". Polar solvent dissolves polar solute and non-polar solvent dissolves non-polar solute.

  3. Temperature:

    • The solubility of solid solutes in a liquid depends on temperature and can be described on the basis of type of dissolution.
    • For exothermic dissolution(Heat is released), solubility decreases on increasing temperature.
    • For endothermic dissolution(Heat is absorbed), solubility increases on increasing temperature.